convex
convex function
$$ tf(x)+(1-t)f(y) \geq f(tx+(1-t)y) $$
strictly convex function
$$ tf(x)+(1-t)f(y) > f(tx+(1-t)y) $$
concave
concave function
$$ tf(x)+(1-t)f(y) \leq f(tx+(1-t)y) $$
strictly concave function
$$ tf(x)+(1-t)f(y) < f(tx+(1-t)y) $$